Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat kidney stones that are difficult to reach with other methods. This technique involves using a flexible ureteroscope to access the kidney through the urethra and bladder, avoiding any external incisions.

During RIRS, the surgeon navigates the ureteroscope to the kidney, where the stone is located. A laser fiber is then used to break the stone into tiny fragments that can be either extracted with special tools or left to pass naturally. The procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia and takes about 1 to 2 hours.

RIRS is particularly beneficial for patients with complex stone burdens or those who have previously undergone other stone treatments without success. It offers a high success rate with minimal postoperative pain and a quick recovery period. Most patients can return home the same day and resume normal activities within a few days.